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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク process function ： ウィキペディア英語版 process function In thermodynamics, a quantity that is well defined so as to describe the path of a process through the equilibrium state space of a thermodynamic system is termed a process function, or, alternatively, a process quantity, or a path function. As an example, mechanical work and heat are process functions because they describe quantitatively the transition between equilibrium states of a thermodynamic system. Path functions depend on the path taken to reach one state from another. Different routes give different quantities. Examples of path functions include work, heat and arc length. In contrast to path functions, state functions are independent of the path taken. Infinitesimal changes in a process function ''X'' are often indicated by $\backslash delta\; X$ to distinguish them from infinitesimal changes in a state function ''Y'' which is written $dY$. The quantity $dY$ is an exact differential, while $\backslash delta\; X$ is not, it is an inexact differential. Infinitesimal changes in a process function may be integrated, but the integral between two states depends on the particular path taken between the two states, whereas the integral of a state function is simply the difference of the state functions at the two points, independent of the path taken. In general, a process function ''X'' may be either holonomic or non-holonomic. For a holonomic process function, an auxiliary state function (or integrating factor) $\backslash lambda$ may be defined such that $Y=\backslash lambda\; X$ is a state function. For a non-holonomic process function, no such function may be defined. In other words, for a holonomic process function, $\backslash lambda$ may be defined such that $dY=\backslash lambda\; \backslash delta\; X$ is an exact differential. For example, thermodynamic work is a holonomic process function since the integrating factor $\backslash lambda=1/p$ (where p is pressure) will yield exact differential of the volume state function $dV=\backslash delta\; W/p$. The second law of thermodynamics as stated by Carathéodory essentially amounts to the statement that heat is a holonomic process function since the integrating factor $\backslash lambda=1/T$ (where T is temperature) will yield the exact differential of an entropy state function $dS=\backslash delta\; Q/T$.〔 ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「process function」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.